China Feed Industry Association Mu Yongyi

Years of efforts, China has become a cross-sectoral interdisciplinary industries including feed processing, feed raw materials industry, relatively complete industrial system of feed and feed additives industry machinery industry.

Industrial production usually said feed means compound feed (including concentrate supplement feed), and concentrated feed additive. Feed, feed ingredients and feed additives in the production of feed processing plants have been far beyond the scope of production, involving many sectors of food, food, light industry, chemical, pharmaceutical, mining, etc., so the feed industrial production engineering process used and equipment mostly from these departments. In the production process of feed, feed ingredients and feed additives are applied to varying degrees, drying technology, which means that drying technology widely used in the feed industry.

First, feed production
Feed mills in the production of raw materials used, such as corn, soybean meal and fish meal and other raw materials, some due to improper storage, rain or moisture, etc. to make it too much water, or the procurement of raw materials at the factory to excessive moisture . Therefore, when feed or concentrated feed production, often the raw material drying, such as the use of tower dryers, air dryer or vibration fluidized bed dryer and the like.

When the main raw material used in the production of premix, feed additives belong to light industry, chemicals, pharmaceutical products sector, which contains the water is very low; except in special circumstances, usually in the feed mills without further drying treatment; the main pre when used in the production of mixing carrier or diluent, such as powder, bran, corn flour or corn cob powder, its high moisture content, the need to use air dryer, fluidized bed dryer, drum dryer for drying, etc. .

When the particle feed production, just out from the pellet mill pellet feed its temperature reaches 80 ℃, moisture content of about 17%, hence the need for ventilation and cooling, cooling water removal, the temperature dropped to close to room temperature (slightly higher than room temperature) , the moisture content to 13% or less. Feed after drying for storage, easy to mold.

Second, the production of feed ingredients
Because of the limited food production, a raw material used in feed production has far exceeded corn, soybean meal (cake), fish meal and other conventional feed ingredients. Many industrial and agricultural production by-products after processing have become a valuable feed materials such as: leather tannery waste processing protein powder, slaughterhouses and processing of waste bone meal, bone meal, intestinal feather meal, feather meal, blood meal, ethanol plant waste processing DDGS (dried distillers full) or DDG, brewery waste production and forage lees lees, beer yeast feed, forage and processed into meal, grass grains, grass and other pieces.

In the production of feed ingredients, particularly the use of industrial and agricultural production, animal and plant by-products or waste (waste water, sludge) production (recovery) feed ingredients, most of the material must be dried. In terms of flora and fauna feed resource recovery, despite the different nature of various materials, but the process may generally include ① material pretreatment. ② sterilization, decomposition. ③ dehydration, degreasing, concentrated, liquid-solid separation. ④ dry. ⑤ crushed packaging. For any particular product may be from the generally applicable process, select the appropriate number of unit operations and a composition suitable for complete process this material or product.

The moisture in the material removal operation, the drying operation is one of the highest energy consumption, but also feed resources development and utilization of the most important unit operations, it is to control the quality of products, one of the main factors of production costs and production efficiency, drying and many devices only upon request material properties and product selection of suitable drying methods and equipment before they obtain high returns.

(1) Waste dander tanneries treated alkaline hydrolysis, etc., using a spray dryer or a vacuum dryer production of leather protein powder.
(2) animal blood after slaughtering plants processed by spray drying to produce high-protein feed ingredient blood meal.
(3) slaughterhouse pigs, chickens, ducks, cattle bones, meat, hoofs, horns and intestines, feathers, blood and other waste, after melting (cooking) process, can produce bone meal, bone meal, feather according to the material circumstances powder, intestinal feather meal, blood mixed feather intestinal protein feed and other feed materials, its production process and some use of melting (cooking) dried, a process is completed; some use as a melting (cooking) and dried (material humidity, viscosity large) and secondary drying process for the joint air drying process.
(4) corn flour mill effluent (yellow pulp) Usually after mechanical dewatering produced by an air-dried corn gluten meal.
(5) ethanol plant in the corn-based ethanol production, which is the waste using mechanical dewatering (Decanter centrifuge or filter frame) and then use a disk dryer or bundle dryer to obtain DDG protein feed or the mechanical separation of the soluble components of the waste by the multi-effect evaporator (usually 4 to 6) after the mixture was concentrated and dried to give a solid after mechanical dewatering prepared DDGS protein feed.
(6) brewery and liquor factory of solid lees after pretreatment, using a fluidized bed or air drying, the product can be used for feed ingredients. After the brewery yeast waste drum dryer feed can be produced beer yeast, high-quality protein feed raw materials.
(7) cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal and other oilseed meal containing toxins when using the chemical method, the detoxification process when fermentation or thermal spray method, the process generally required to use a drying operation, such as: air drying, spouted bed drying, fluidized bed drying.

Third, dried forage
Pasture according to their different purposes, some of the forage direct dry air, some of the pasture using rapid thermal drying to reduce moisture meal, grain and grass grass block.

(1) Forage dry air into the inner structure of a simple forage silo to the main ventilation (cold or low temperature heated air) dried grass, the so-called dry air drying or storage. Some use a cylindrical tower warehouse, through a forced air or hot air dried forage.
(2) thermal drying forage according to production needs, in order to speed up the forage drying using high temperature air drying, usually divided into continuous and intermittent to fuel heated air to achieve rapid drying forage. Continuous operation conveyor type drying equipment, air pipeline, air drum and the like.
Fourth, trace elements and zinc bacitracin
(1) trace minerals are important additives for animal feed, some of the production process need to be dried product, particularly sulfate products, such as: CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O, FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O, ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O, etc. due to having five or seven crystal water, high moisture absorption, easy deliquescence, agglomeration, when feed processing easy to use, and often its pre-treatment: If the rear sulphate (agglomeration) broken into the drum drier material and hot air for the downstream heat exchanger to complete the drying.
(2) Bacitracin Zinc is used in the production of feed more of a medicated feed additive. Its production process in the fermentation broth of bacitracin and Zn 2 + ions into a salt, the enhanced stability so bacitracin, spray drying give the final product.

Fifth, the production of feed additives Vitamin A
Vitamin A is essential for growth of animals a vitamin feed products is therefore an important nutritional additives. Because vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin, it can not be directly dissolved in water and diluted in air encounter oxygen and light so that it will be destroyed, it must be isolated from the air into vitamin A and good mobility powder to conveniently added to the feed. Preparation of dry powder commonly used industrial complex coacervation microencapsulation and spray granulation processes.

Spray granulation process is an aqueous solution of vitamin A oil emulsion and gelatin made from oil in water, is made by spraying droplets of the system after encountering starch suspended in cold air, forming starch encapsulated particles; the entire spray granulation the wet granules VA project formed is fed continuously to the fluidized bed drier.

In addition to vitamin A, many kinds of feed additive, has been published allowed nutritional feed additives and feed additives in general, such as: amino acids, vitamins, minerals, enzymes, antioxidants, preservatives, etc. There are 191 kinds, in protected period there are nine; commercial feed allows the use of medicated feed additives 33 species. These additives in the production process, many products are inseparable from the drying process.

VI Summary
In summary, the feed industry specific application examples from drying technology can be seen in many aspects of the feed industry should be applied drying techniques. In the feed process, regardless of feed, concentrated feed and pre-mixed feed, its production or processing of raw materials and carriers, due to their particular products or raw materials, such as using different drying process. Drying process of industrial production of feed indispensable component.

With the continuous development of feed industry, more and more involved in the industry, and constantly develop new products come out, drying and processing equipment in its production process applied more widely.